Roman Empire and The Arab World: A Historical Investigation of the Relationship up to the Period of the Last Prophet of AllahHazrat Muhammad (S.A.W.W)

Abstract

As compared to Arabs, Roman Empire was an older civilization. The Constantine I accepted
Christianity in fourth century A.D. and made his new capital city on the ancient site of Byzantium
called after his name, Constantinople. The Roman Empire and the Arab world were interconnected in
terms of their common borders, trade, religion, and politics. Eastern Roman Empire had a rival
Persian Empire, both had set up their vassal regimes of the Ghassanids and Lakhmids. However, the
frontier regions were the source of communication between Arabs and Roman Christians. The whole
political, social and religious paradigm of Arabs had been changed with the arrival of Islam. Last Holy
Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.W) emerged as the religious and political leader in the
state of Madinah. He (S.A.W.W) formulated strategic policies, first; to secure the
Muslim state of Madinah, later Arabia and to defend and spread the teaching of Islam in the world,
second; to restore the trade route of Arabia and third to get His leadership and Muslims power
recognized by the external powers.